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In 1850, a 15 year old boy from London arrived in Brand-new York Big apple with $10 in his pocket. He develop a opinion as “pot walloper” or dishwasher at an upscale restaurant and began a lifelong passion with great dining. From this portentous inception, Fred Harvey would become the practice people West of the Mississippi dined, generate a marketing dupe that helped engender the mankind’s largest railroad, hero women in the toil effective, and establish an empire.
As Fred Harvey worked his habit west, stopping in Unknown Orleans, St. Louis, and Kansas Megalopolis, he acquired knowledge of the restaurant industry. When he wasn’t on the thrash waiting tables, he was asking questions of chefs and culture entire lot he peradventure could down every orientation of the industry. His aspiration was to own his own restaurant, and in that endeavor, he accepted a lucrative position as a traveling consignment power on the Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad. Traveling conditions were frightful in the up to date 1860’s and anciently 1870’s. Trains were dusty and brim-full of mice and flies. Experienced travelers crowded their own piece of cake of fried chicken, agonizingly boiled eggs, cheese and possibly a kind of cake. When that ran not on, you were artificial to land the tutor and shoplift your chances on whatever was handy at the station all recipes cookbook.
Along the practice, anything was possible. At most artistically, one could contemplate miasmatical, distasteful coffee, brewed once a week. Stale bread was simple as well as GI difficulty and affliction from food, and the fear of being left-hand behind in the medial of nowhere made travelers eat as unrestrainedly as credible, scrambling to get endorse on the train. Scam artists negotiated with railroad workers to bilk travelers. Ahead of reaching a stop, the conductor would acquire reservations requiring a 50 cent deposit. When the retainers arrived at the position, the food would be served honest as the conductor called, “All Aboard!” As the travelers ran underwrite, the restaurateur would scrape the foodstuffs outlying into pots on the next discipline passengers and give the railroaders 10 cents per move as their take. These conditions and scams made discipline travel dangerous to one’s health, and as he worked his modus vivendi = ‘lifestyle’ across the West, Harvey realized that there was a customer base for uncontaminated restaurants serving commendable victuals at reasonable prices along the line.
In 1875, he approached officials at the Burlington Railroad with his estimate of cranny restaurants at the household depots. Railroad officials had no interest in supplying rations and laughed him unlit of their office. But as he communistic the job, story of the officials commented that he should make a proposal to the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad, which was the most rapidly expanding railroad in the West. Santa Fe liked the impression and a partnership was formed. Harvey opened the initial restaurant, The Harvey Line, in Topeka, Kansas in 1875. It was an immediate big name, not no more than with travelers, but with adjoining residents as well. Within 9 years, there were 17 Harvey Houses along the Santa Fe carry, and the win initially restaurant “confine” was born.
Because of Harvey, his restaurants and the rapid stretching of the West, Santa Fe became the initial voyager railroad, as travelers could be assured of splendid meals in unmixed dining rooms. Harvey was a perspicacious negotiator. When he negotiated his assign accord with Santa Fe, he obtained choice rights to all restaurants along their line. Not only did he obtain exclusivity, but the railroad supplied the erection and property, allowance in return Harvey employees, and new laundry, appetizer recipes all ice, eatables, and construct shipped in daily.
Harvey’s only question was his wait staff. The waiters were undependable, coming to task crapulent, picking fights, and destroying company property. No one civilized wanted to work loose West. Where could he pocket decent, dependable help? Women.
In the 1890’s, the merely women in the West were either saloon girls or married women with families and farms. It was indubitably the Wild, Move West, ample of cowboys, gunslingers, scam artists and roughnecks. An boorish place to be. So, Harvey did something indeed revolutionary. He placed an ad in East Strand papers as a remedy for women 18 – 30 years of mature, winning, scholarly, and decent. Harvey offered margin and committee, freed train crossing, and wages of $17.50 per month. No trial necessary. Harvey wanted to edify them his way. But would they come?
They came like gangbusters. In the late nineteenth century, opportunities in requital for women were exceptionally limited. The only becoming positions were as teachers, servants, dressmakers, or works workers. Not not was being a Harvey woman an possibility to grow into great money, it was an possibility for adventure. But being a Harvey girl was not easy.
The standards gel by means of Harvey were rigid. First, they were given a 6, 9, or 12 month pact during which every so often they were not allowed to marry. If they did, they would be financially penalized at hand half of their compensation and lose out their travel privileges. The dormitories were exact, with a diet mother overseeing the girls and a curfew of 10 pm every night. If you ruined curfew 3 times, you were summarily fired and sent home. The training make was a grueling 30 days of learning stern cleanliness, grooming and table accommodation without pay. The training era was finicky and stressful, but many women spoke of how the experience gave them self-assurance and poise.
They were trained in the Harvey way. Because of the line slate, timing was incredibly important. When the caravan arrived in the place, the first progress was already on the table. One live-in lover came through and took doch an dorris orders as another was right behind her pouring. A way of coffee cup engagement was the key to communication. As the senior practice was being cleared, a overseer would in in with trays of hot entrees which would be served close to the girls. Beneficent portions and seconds were the standard. And so was the timing. The trains at most stopped to go to 30 minutes and Harvey provided a sophisticated, choice dining happening on a schedule.
Cleanliness was also a indicator to success. If they weren’t diligent, the girls were expected to be cleaning; their passenger station, polishing nacreous or nerve, folding napkins or dusting. In gall and wormwood of the dust and dirt of the West, Harvey Houses were known pro their undefiled tidiness. This included the girls’ uniforms. They were expected to be well-dressed, gleaming and ironed. If they got rude during a scrape by, they were expected to revolution uniforms immediately. Gum chewing was sod pro dismissal. Harvey himself would give rise to floor inspections and literally perform a wan glove test.
Harvey’s chefs were also the best. When Fred Harvey traveled, he would sample to decoy away the chef anytime he had a superb meal. He paid his people expressively and believed in the best distinction ingredients. The chefs had the sage to manufacture their own menus and pay out handsomely exchange for supplies and produce. Not unequal to noteworthy restaurants today, Harvey Houses had the original choice and the in the most suitable way supply of substance and new vegetables. Therefore, they had the capacity to provide diners with gold medal rate meals.
Harvey was also a believer of promoting men and women from within. Many women started at liberty as a waitress, became chairperson waitress, and some even became managers. Another disposition he emphasized appreciation and respectability was in the name he chose during his wait staff. His girls were never referred to as waitresses. Moderately, they were known by and proud to be called Harvey Girls. Being a Harvey Bird meant poise, bearing, and independence.
Fred Harvey invented the bond restaurant, but more importantly, he and his girls civilized the West. Not merely did they provide a service to the travelers and the communities through their restaurants and scant presence, they became the paradigm of courteousness and dining. Many Harvey girls did lay one’s hands on alliance and adventure. Many had lifelong, fascinating careers in Harvey’s empire that would obtain been ludicrous defeat East. Some paid in compensation college and went on to change professionals in other careers. No business what paths they found themselves on, the Harvey Girls became the matriarchs of the Meditation.
When Fred Harvey died in 1901, his empire included 15 hotels, 47 restaurants, and 30 railroad dining cars. At its mountain top, the Harvey Quarter restaurants were the most wealthy in the surroundings, with 100 locations, and provided the Santa Fe Railroad with the marketing contrivance and support to behove the largest passenger discipline band in the Connected States. During both Cosmos Wars, the Harvey Ill fame was conducive in providing meals to the troops being moved across the country on trains. But the Wright brothers, the automobile, and the Great Melancholy led to the demise of the empire. Fair dining and diplomacy in the West are legacies that Fred Harvey and his Girls bequeathed us all.